MED. 11.19Discipline of assent
George Long · 1862EN · Long

There are four principal aberrations of the TERMsuperior faculty EXERCISEagainst which thou shouldst be constantly on thy guard, and when thou hast detected them, thou shouldst wipe them out, and say on each occasion thus: This thought is not necessary: this tends to TERMdestroy social union: this which thou art going to say comes not from the real thoughts; for thou shouldst consider it among the most absurd of things for a man not to speak from his real thoughts. But the fourth is when thou shalt reproach thyself for anything, for DOGMAthis is an evidence of the diviner part within thee being overpowered and yielding to the less honorable and to the perishable part, the body, and to its gross pleasures.

Original · ancient Greek

Τέσσαρας μάλιστα τροπὰς τοῦ ἡγεμονικοῦ παραφυλακτέον διηνεκῶς καὶ ἐπειδὰν φωράσῃς ἀπαλειπτέον, ἐπιλέγοντα ἐφ’ ἑκάστου οὕτως· τοῦτο τὸ φάντασμα οὐκ ἀναγκαῖον· τοῦτο λυτικὸν κοινωνίας· τοῦτο οὐκ ἀπὸ σαυτοῦ μέλλεις λέγειν· τὸ γὰρ μὴ ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ λέγειν ἐν τοῖς ἀτοπωτάτοις νόμιζε. τέταρτον δέ ἐστι, καθὸ σεαυτῷ ὀνειδιεῖς, ὅτι τοῦτο ἡττωμένου ἐστὶ καὶ ὑποκατακλινομένου τοῦ ἐν σοὶ θειοτέρου μέρους τῇ ἀτιμοτέρᾳ καὶ θνητῇ μοίρᾳ, τῇ τοῦ σώματος καὶ ταῖς τούτου τραχείαις ἢ λείαις κινήσεσιν.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Commentary

Not a meditation but a sentry's standing order. EXERCISEπαραφυλακτέον EXERCISEδιηνεκῶςEXERCISEἐπειδὰν EXERCISEφωράσῃςEXERCISE ἀπαλειπτέον — two verbal adjectives in -τέον ("must be watched," "must be wiped out") with φωράω between them, "to track down, to catch in the act" (a word from the language of detection). The TERMruling part is guarded like a storehouse, and what is caught is erased (ἀπαλείφω — the wax-tablet image of 11.16 again).

Three formulas to be said aloud to oneself. The device is not to "understand" but to pronounce (ἐπιλέγοντα, "saying over"): (1) τοῦτο τὸ φάντασμα οὐκ ἀναγκαῖον — "this impression is not necessary": the cutting away of the superfluous, cf. 4.24; (2) τοῦτο TERMλυτικὸν κοινωνίας — "this dissolves fellowship" (λυτικός, from λύω, "to loosen"): the test of sociability; (3) τοῦτο οὐκ ἀπὸ σαυτοῦ μέλλεις λέγειν — "this you are about to say not from yourself," with the verdict: μὴ ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ λέγειν ἐν τοῖς ἀτοπωτάτοις — "to speak not from oneself is among the most out-of-place things." Note the order: impression, act, speech.

The fourth is of another kind. Marcus marks this himself: τέταρτον δέ ἐστι, καθὸ σεαυτῷ ὀνειδιεῖς — "the fourth is that for which you will reproach yourself." The first three are identified as they approach; the fourth only afterwards, by shame. And its content: DOGMAτοῦ ἐν σοὶ DOGMAθειοτέρουDOGMA μέρους has been beaten and has laid itself under (ὑποκατακλινομένου) the ἀτιμοτέρα καὶ θνητὴ μοῖρα, "the meaner and mortal portion." That same rare verb ὑποκατακλίνομαι which at 11.14 describes servility before other people; here the same word names servility before one's own body.

A double detail at the close. ταῖς τούτου τραχείαις ἢ λείαις κινήσεσιν — "its rough or smooth motions," that is, pain and pleasure. The usual target is pleasure; Marcus sets pain beside it: one may surrender to either, and the two surrenders are the same. Cf. 11.18, where λύπη and ὀργή turn out to be one and the same weakness. The governing discipline is assent, the sustaining one action.

DisciplineDiscipline of assent
Record added2026-07-16
Statuspublished
Discipline of assent

George Long · 1862· EN · Long

There are four principal aberrations of the TERMsuperior faculty EXERCISEagainst which thou shouldst be constantly on thy guard, and when thou hast detected them, thou shouldst wipe them out, and say on each occasion thus: This thought is not necessary: this tends to TERMdestroy social union: this which thou art going to say comes not from the real thoughts; for thou shouldst consider it among the most absurd of things for a man not to speak from his real thoughts. But the fourth is when thou shalt reproach thyself for anything, for DOGMAthis is an evidence of the diviner part within thee being overpowered and yielding to the less honorable and to the perishable part, the body, and to its gross pleasures.

Original · ancient Greek

Τέσσαρας μάλιστα τροπὰς τοῦ ἡγεμονικοῦ παραφυλακτέον διηνεκῶς καὶ ἐπειδὰν φωράσῃς ἀπαλειπτέον, ἐπιλέγοντα ἐφ’ ἑκάστου οὕτως· τοῦτο τὸ φάντασμα οὐκ ἀναγκαῖον· τοῦτο λυτικὸν κοινωνίας· τοῦτο οὐκ ἀπὸ σαυτοῦ μέλλεις λέγειν· τὸ γὰρ μὴ ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ λέγειν ἐν τοῖς ἀτοπωτάτοις νόμιζε. τέταρτον δέ ἐστι, καθὸ σεαυτῷ ὀνειδιεῖς, ὅτι τοῦτο ἡττωμένου ἐστὶ καὶ ὑποκατακλινομένου τοῦ ἐν σοὶ θειοτέρου μέρους τῇ ἀτιμοτέρᾳ καὶ θνητῇ μοίρᾳ, τῇ τοῦ σώματος καὶ ταῖς τούτου τραχείαις ἢ λείαις κινήσεσιν.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Related4
Commentary

Not a meditation but a sentry's standing order. EXERCISEπαραφυλακτέον EXERCISEδιηνεκῶςEXERCISEἐπειδὰν EXERCISEφωράσῃςEXERCISE ἀπαλειπτέον — two verbal adjectives in -τέον ("must be watched," "must be wiped out") with φωράω between them, "to track down, to catch in the act" (a word from the language of detection). The TERMruling part is guarded like a storehouse, and what is caught is erased (ἀπαλείφω — the wax-tablet image of 11.16 again).

Three formulas to be said aloud to oneself. The device is not to "understand" but to pronounce (ἐπιλέγοντα, "saying over"): (1) τοῦτο τὸ φάντασμα οὐκ ἀναγκαῖον — "this impression is not necessary": the cutting away of the superfluous, cf. 4.24; (2) τοῦτο TERMλυτικὸν κοινωνίας — "this dissolves fellowship" (λυτικός, from λύω, "to loosen"): the test of sociability; (3) τοῦτο οὐκ ἀπὸ σαυτοῦ μέλλεις λέγειν — "this you are about to say not from yourself," with the verdict: μὴ ἀφ’ ἑαυτοῦ λέγειν ἐν τοῖς ἀτοπωτάτοις — "to speak not from oneself is among the most out-of-place things." Note the order: impression, act, speech.

The fourth is of another kind. Marcus marks this himself: τέταρτον δέ ἐστι, καθὸ σεαυτῷ ὀνειδιεῖς — "the fourth is that for which you will reproach yourself." The first three are identified as they approach; the fourth only afterwards, by shame. And its content: DOGMAτοῦ ἐν σοὶ DOGMAθειοτέρουDOGMA μέρους has been beaten and has laid itself under (ὑποκατακλινομένου) the ἀτιμοτέρα καὶ θνητὴ μοῖρα, "the meaner and mortal portion." That same rare verb ὑποκατακλίνομαι which at 11.14 describes servility before other people; here the same word names servility before one's own body.

A double detail at the close. ταῖς τούτου τραχείαις ἢ λείαις κινήσεσιν — "its rough or smooth motions," that is, pain and pleasure. The usual target is pleasure; Marcus sets pain beside it: one may surrender to either, and the two surrenders are the same. Cf. 11.18, where λύπη and ὀργή turn out to be one and the same weakness. The governing discipline is assent, the sustaining one action.

DisciplineDiscipline of assent
Record added2026-07-16
Statuspublished