MED. 4.31Discipline of desire
George Long · 1862EN · Long

Love the art, poor as it may be, which thou hast learned, and be content with it; and pass through the rest of life like one who has DOGMAintrusted to the gods with his whole soul all that he has, making thyself neither the tyrant nor the slave of any man.

Original · ancient Greek

Τὸ τεχνίον ὃ ἔμαθες φίλει, τούτῳ προσαναπαύου· τὸ δὲ ὑπόλοιπον τοῦ βίου διέξελθε ὡς θεοῖς μὲν ἐπιτετροφὼς τὰ σεαυτοῦ πάντα ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς, ἀνθρώπων δὲ μηδενὸς μήτε τύραννον μήτε δοῦλον σεαυτὸν καθιστάς.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Commentary

Genre and place in the book. Three brief counsels for the "rest of life" (τὸ ὑπόλοιπον τοῦ βίου): (1) love your craft and rest in it; (2) entrust all to the gods with your whole soul; (3) be neither tyrant nor slave to anyone. A programme of a tranquil maturity — in the key of 04-30 and Med. 8.1.

Τὸ τεχνίον — "the craft you have learned." τεχνίον is a diminutive of τέχνη: a "humble art." Love it, rest in it (προσαναπαύου — "lean on, repose in"). What is meant is probably the art of living / the philosophy Marcus has learned (cf. 04-30 — holding to one's own without bookish luxury; the τέχνη of living — 04-02). Contentment with one's own, without envy of another's craft.

Entrust all to the gods. θεοῖς ἐπιτετροφὼς τὰ σεαυτοῦ πάντα ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς — having entrusted all his own things to the gods with his whole soul: a full trust in providence, not clinging to the outcome (DOGMAamor-fati; cf. Med. 8.1; the hymn 04-23). ("With his whole soul" here is the idiom of completeness, "without reserve.")

Neither tyrant nor slave. ἀνθρώπων μηδενὸς μήτε τύραννον μήτε δοῦλον — to lord it despotically over no one, and to cringe before no one. The Stoic freedom (ἐλευθερία) in relations: equality, without domination and without servility (cf. Epictetus, Disc. 4.1 "On freedom"; 01-14 — from Severus Marcus took the idea of a polity of equal law and the freedom of the governed). Especially weighty from one who could be a tyrant.

The disciplines. The principal one is desire: to entrust oneself to the gods, to be content with one's own. The secondary is action: freedom in relations — neither tyrant nor slave.

Parallels. To love and rest in one's art — 04-30; 04-02; cf. virtue-is-sufficient. To entrust all to the gods — Med. 8.1; 04-23; 10.21 (cf. DOGMAamor-fati). Neither tyrant nor slave — Epictetus Disc. 4.1; 01-14.

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-06-26
Statuspublished
Discipline of desire

Original · ancient Greek

Τὸ τεχνίον ὃ ἔμαθες φίλει, τούτῳ προσαναπαύου· τὸ δὲ ὑπόλοιπον τοῦ βίου διέξελθε ὡς θεοῖς μὲν ἐπιτετροφὼς τὰ σεαυτοῦ πάντα ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς, ἀνθρώπων δὲ μηδενὸς μήτε τύραννον μήτε δοῦλον σεαυτὸν καθιστάς.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Related1
Commentary

Genre and place in the book. Three brief counsels for the "rest of life" (τὸ ὑπόλοιπον τοῦ βίου): (1) love your craft and rest in it; (2) entrust all to the gods with your whole soul; (3) be neither tyrant nor slave to anyone. A programme of a tranquil maturity — in the key of 04-30 and Med. 8.1.

Τὸ τεχνίον — "the craft you have learned." τεχνίον is a diminutive of τέχνη: a "humble art." Love it, rest in it (προσαναπαύου — "lean on, repose in"). What is meant is probably the art of living / the philosophy Marcus has learned (cf. 04-30 — holding to one's own without bookish luxury; the τέχνη of living — 04-02). Contentment with one's own, without envy of another's craft.

Entrust all to the gods. θεοῖς ἐπιτετροφὼς τὰ σεαυτοῦ πάντα ἐξ ὅλης τῆς ψυχῆς — having entrusted all his own things to the gods with his whole soul: a full trust in providence, not clinging to the outcome (DOGMAamor-fati; cf. Med. 8.1; the hymn 04-23). ("With his whole soul" here is the idiom of completeness, "without reserve.")

Neither tyrant nor slave. ἀνθρώπων μηδενὸς μήτε τύραννον μήτε δοῦλον — to lord it despotically over no one, and to cringe before no one. The Stoic freedom (ἐλευθερία) in relations: equality, without domination and without servility (cf. Epictetus, Disc. 4.1 "On freedom"; 01-14 — from Severus Marcus took the idea of a polity of equal law and the freedom of the governed). Especially weighty from one who could be a tyrant.

The disciplines. The principal one is desire: to entrust oneself to the gods, to be content with one's own. The secondary is action: freedom in relations — neither tyrant nor slave.

Parallels. To love and rest in one's art — 04-30; 04-02; cf. virtue-is-sufficient. To entrust all to the gods — Med. 8.1; 04-23; 10.21 (cf. DOGMAamor-fati). Neither tyrant nor slave — Epictetus Disc. 4.1; 01-14.

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-06-26
Statuspublished