MED. 10.35Discipline of desire
George Long · 1862EN · Long

The healthy eye ought to see all visible things and not to say, I wish for green things; for this is the condition of a diseased eye. And the healthy hearing and smelling ought to be ready to perceive all that can be heard and smelled. And the healthy stomach ought to be with respect to all food just as the mill with respect to all things which it is formed to grind. And accordingly DOGMAthe healthy understanding ought to be prepared for everything which happens; but that which says, Let my dear children live, and DOGMAlet all men praise whatever I may do, is an eye which seeks for green things, or teeth which seek for soft things.

Original · ancient Greek

Τὸν ὑγιαίνοντα ὀφθαλμὸν πάντα ὁρᾶν δεῖ τὰ ὁρατὰ καὶ μὴ λέγειν· τὰ χλωρὰ θέλω· τοῦτο γὰρ ὀφθαλμιῶντός ἐστι. καὶ τὴν ὑγιαίνουσαν ἀκοὴν καὶ ὄσφρησιν εἰς πάντα δεῖ τὰ ἀκουστὰ καὶ ὀσφραντὰ ἑτοίμην εἶναι, καὶ τὸν ὑγιαίνοντα στόμαχον πρὸς πάντα τὰ τρόφιμα ὁμοίως ἔχειν ὡς μύλην πρὸς πάντα ὅσα ἀλέσουσα κατεσκεύασται. καὶ τοίνυν τὴν ὑγιαίνουσαν διάνοιαν πρὸς πάντα δεῖ τὰ συμβαίνοντα ἑτοίμην εἶναι, ἡ δὲ λέγουσα· τὰ τεκνία σῳζέσθω, καί· πάντες ὅ τι ἂν πράξω ἐπαινείτωσαν, ὀφθαλμός ἐστι τὰ χλωρὰ ζητῶν ἢ ὀδόντες τὰ ἁπαλά.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Commentary

A diagnosis instead of a reproach. The movement of the passage is medical, not moral. Fastidiousness is named not a vice but a symptom: τοῦτο γὰρ ὀφθαλμιῶντός ἐστι — "this belongs to an inflamed eye" (ὀφθαλμιάω, to suffer in the eyes). A healthy organ does not choose its object: the eye sees all that is visible; hearing and smell stand ready (ἑτοίμην εἶναι) for all that can be heard and smelled. Preference is a mark of disease, not of refinement.

Four steps and a mill. The series runs from the senses to digestion: eye, hearing and smell, stomach, and at last διάνοια. The stomach is compared to a μύλη, a mill, "with respect to everything it was constructed to grind" (ὅσα ἀλέσουσα κατεσκεύασται). The mill is not chosen at random: it does not feed, it processes — and is defined not by taste but by construction. Cf. 10.31, where the same pair "strong stomach / bright fire" stands as the image of assimilation.

The transfer to the mind. DOGMAτὴν ὑγιαίνουσαν διάνοιαν πρὸς πάντα δεῖ τὰ συμβαίνοντα ἑτοίμην εἶναι — "a healthy mind must stand ready for everything that happens." Readiness here is the very property of the healthy eye: not courage, not resignation, but the absence of selectivity. The acceptance of fate is derived from physiology rather than from will (cf. 10.20; 10.28; 4.23).

Two examples, the second harsher than the first. The sick mind says two things: "let my little children be kept safe" and "DOGMAlet everyone praise whatever I do." Marcus sets them side by side without gradation — and there lies the sharpness. The first wish looks holy, the second is plainly vain; to the diagnostician they are of one kind, both an "eye seeking green things." Note too the diminutive τεκνία ("little children"), the same word as at 10.34, where children are called little leaves.

A return to the image. The close rounds the circle: not "you are faint-hearted," but ὀφθαλμός ἐστι τὰ χλωρὰ ζητῶν ἢ ὀδόντες τὰ ἁπαλά — "this is an eye seeking green things, or teeth seeking soft ones." Diagnosis in place of verdict: the organ is not blamed, it is treated. The governing discipline is desire, the sustaining one assent.

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-07-16
Statuspublished
Discipline of desire

George Long · 1862· EN · Long

The healthy eye ought to see all visible things and not to say, I wish for green things; for this is the condition of a diseased eye. And the healthy hearing and smelling ought to be ready to perceive all that can be heard and smelled. And the healthy stomach ought to be with respect to all food just as the mill with respect to all things which it is formed to grind. And accordingly DOGMAthe healthy understanding ought to be prepared for everything which happens; but that which says, Let my dear children live, and DOGMAlet all men praise whatever I may do, is an eye which seeks for green things, or teeth which seek for soft things.

Original · ancient Greek

Τὸν ὑγιαίνοντα ὀφθαλμὸν πάντα ὁρᾶν δεῖ τὰ ὁρατὰ καὶ μὴ λέγειν· τὰ χλωρὰ θέλω· τοῦτο γὰρ ὀφθαλμιῶντός ἐστι. καὶ τὴν ὑγιαίνουσαν ἀκοὴν καὶ ὄσφρησιν εἰς πάντα δεῖ τὰ ἀκουστὰ καὶ ὀσφραντὰ ἑτοίμην εἶναι, καὶ τὸν ὑγιαίνοντα στόμαχον πρὸς πάντα τὰ τρόφιμα ὁμοίως ἔχειν ὡς μύλην πρὸς πάντα ὅσα ἀλέσουσα κατεσκεύασται. καὶ τοίνυν τὴν ὑγιαίνουσαν διάνοιαν πρὸς πάντα δεῖ τὰ συμβαίνοντα ἑτοίμην εἶναι, ἡ δὲ λέγουσα· τὰ τεκνία σῳζέσθω, καί· πάντες ὅ τι ἂν πράξω ἐπαινείτωσαν, ὀφθαλμός ἐστι τὰ χλωρὰ ζητῶν ἢ ὀδόντες τὰ ἁπαλά.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Related2
Commentary

A diagnosis instead of a reproach. The movement of the passage is medical, not moral. Fastidiousness is named not a vice but a symptom: τοῦτο γὰρ ὀφθαλμιῶντός ἐστι — "this belongs to an inflamed eye" (ὀφθαλμιάω, to suffer in the eyes). A healthy organ does not choose its object: the eye sees all that is visible; hearing and smell stand ready (ἑτοίμην εἶναι) for all that can be heard and smelled. Preference is a mark of disease, not of refinement.

Four steps and a mill. The series runs from the senses to digestion: eye, hearing and smell, stomach, and at last διάνοια. The stomach is compared to a μύλη, a mill, "with respect to everything it was constructed to grind" (ὅσα ἀλέσουσα κατεσκεύασται). The mill is not chosen at random: it does not feed, it processes — and is defined not by taste but by construction. Cf. 10.31, where the same pair "strong stomach / bright fire" stands as the image of assimilation.

The transfer to the mind. DOGMAτὴν ὑγιαίνουσαν διάνοιαν πρὸς πάντα δεῖ τὰ συμβαίνοντα ἑτοίμην εἶναι — "a healthy mind must stand ready for everything that happens." Readiness here is the very property of the healthy eye: not courage, not resignation, but the absence of selectivity. The acceptance of fate is derived from physiology rather than from will (cf. 10.20; 10.28; 4.23).

Two examples, the second harsher than the first. The sick mind says two things: "let my little children be kept safe" and "DOGMAlet everyone praise whatever I do." Marcus sets them side by side without gradation — and there lies the sharpness. The first wish looks holy, the second is plainly vain; to the diagnostician they are of one kind, both an "eye seeking green things." Note too the diminutive τεκνία ("little children"), the same word as at 10.34, where children are called little leaves.

A return to the image. The close rounds the circle: not "you are faint-hearted," but ὀφθαλμός ἐστι τὰ χλωρὰ ζητῶν ἢ ὀδόντες τὰ ἁπαλά — "this is an eye seeking green things, or teeth seeking soft ones." Diagnosis in place of verdict: the organ is not blamed, it is treated. The governing discipline is desire, the sustaining one assent.

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-07-16
Statuspublished