MED. 6.48Discipline of desire
George Long · 1862EN · Long

When thou wishest to delight thyself, think of the virtues of those who live with thee; for instance, the activity of one, and the modesty of another, and the liberality of a third, and some other good quality of a fourth. For nothing delights so much as the examples of the TERMvirtues, when they are exhibited in the morals of those who live with us and present themselves in abundance, as far as is possible. Wherefore we must keep them before us.

Original · ancient Greek

Ὅταν εὐφρᾶναι σεαυτὸν θέλῃς, ἐνθυμοῦ τὰ προτερήματα τῶν συμβιούντων· οἷον τοῦ μὲν τὸ δραστήριον, τοῦ δὲ τὸ αἰδῆμον, τοῦ δὲ τὸ εὐμετάδοτον, ἄλλου δὲ ἄλλο τι. οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτως εὐφραίνει ὡς τὰ ὁμοιώματα τῶν ἀρετῶν ἐμφαινόμενα τοῖς ἤθεσι τῶν συζώντων καὶ ἀθρόα ὡς οἷόν τε συμπίπτοντα. διὸ καὶ πρόχειρα αὐτὰ ἑκτέον.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Commentary

An exercise of joy. A therapeutic technique for producing good gladness (εὐφροσύνη): when you wish to gladden yourself, turn the mind not to external goods but to the good qualities (προτερήματα) of those you live with — the energy of one, the modesty of another, the generosity of a third. The governing discipline is desire (the cultivation of joy); the sustaining one is action (attention to the virtue of one's neighbours).

Images of the virtues. Nothing gladdens so much as the "likenesses of TERMthe virtues" (ὁμοιώματα τῶν ἀρετῶν) showing through in the characters (ἤθη) of those close by — especially when they meet us "all together," in abundance. This is the positive opposite of the usual attention to others' vices: Marcus teaches one to gather in the mind a gallery of living examples of the good.

"Keep them ready" (πρόχειρα). The conclusion is to keep these images "at hand" (πρόχειρα, cf. the exercise of prokheiron): not a chance sentiment but a deliberately prepared resource, turned to at will. Joy becomes a manageable practice rather than a matter of mood.

Parallels. TERMVirtue; "keeping ready" — the ready-to-hand; attention to the good in one's neighbours instead of their faults — Med. 3.4 (not to spend time on others' misdeeds); 6.30 (to imitate the good qualities of Antoninus). Cf. the contrast with 02-01 (in the morning, of others' vices, so as not to be surprised); here the reverse, "bright" move.

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-07-18
Statuspublished
Discipline of desire

George Long · 1862· EN · Long

When thou wishest to delight thyself, think of the virtues of those who live with thee; for instance, the activity of one, and the modesty of another, and the liberality of a third, and some other good quality of a fourth. For nothing delights so much as the examples of the TERMvirtues, when they are exhibited in the morals of those who live with us and present themselves in abundance, as far as is possible. Wherefore we must keep them before us.

Original · ancient Greek

Ὅταν εὐφρᾶναι σεαυτὸν θέλῃς, ἐνθυμοῦ τὰ προτερήματα τῶν συμβιούντων· οἷον τοῦ μὲν τὸ δραστήριον, τοῦ δὲ τὸ αἰδῆμον, τοῦ δὲ τὸ εὐμετάδοτον, ἄλλου δὲ ἄλλο τι. οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτως εὐφραίνει ὡς τὰ ὁμοιώματα τῶν ἀρετῶν ἐμφαινόμενα τοῖς ἤθεσι τῶν συζώντων καὶ ἀθρόα ὡς οἷόν τε συμπίπτοντα. διὸ καὶ πρόχειρα αὐτὰ ἑκτέον.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Related1
Commentary

An exercise of joy. A therapeutic technique for producing good gladness (εὐφροσύνη): when you wish to gladden yourself, turn the mind not to external goods but to the good qualities (προτερήματα) of those you live with — the energy of one, the modesty of another, the generosity of a third. The governing discipline is desire (the cultivation of joy); the sustaining one is action (attention to the virtue of one's neighbours).

Images of the virtues. Nothing gladdens so much as the "likenesses of TERMthe virtues" (ὁμοιώματα τῶν ἀρετῶν) showing through in the characters (ἤθη) of those close by — especially when they meet us "all together," in abundance. This is the positive opposite of the usual attention to others' vices: Marcus teaches one to gather in the mind a gallery of living examples of the good.

"Keep them ready" (πρόχειρα). The conclusion is to keep these images "at hand" (πρόχειρα, cf. the exercise of prokheiron): not a chance sentiment but a deliberately prepared resource, turned to at will. Joy becomes a manageable practice rather than a matter of mood.

Parallels. TERMVirtue; "keeping ready" — the ready-to-hand; attention to the good in one's neighbours instead of their faults — Med. 3.4 (not to spend time on others' misdeeds); 6.30 (to imitate the good qualities of Antoninus). Cf. the contrast with 02-01 (in the morning, of others' vices, so as not to be surprised); here the reverse, "bright" move.

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-07-18
Statuspublished