MED. 5.10Discipline of desire
George Long · 1862EN · Long

Things are in such a kind of envelopment that they have seemed to philosophers, not a few nor those common philosophers, altogether unintelligible; nay even to the Stoics themselves they seem difficult to understand. And all our TERMassent is changeable; for where is the man who never changes? Carry thy thoughts then to the objects themselves, and consider how short-lived they are and worthless, and that they may be in the possession of a filthy wretch or a whore or a robber. Then turn to the morals of those who live with thee, and it is hardly possible to endure even the most agreeable of them, to say nothing of a man being hardly able to endure himself. In such darkness then and dirt and in so constant a flux both of substance and of time, and of motion and of things moved, what there is worth being highly prized or even an object of serious pursuit, I cannot imagine. But on the contrary it is a man's duty to comfort himself, and to EXERCISEwait for the natural dissolution, and not to be vexed at the delay, but to rest in these principles only: the one, that DOGMAnothing will happen to me which is not conformable to the nature of the universe; and the other, that it is in my power never to act contrary to TERMmy god and daemon: for DOGMAthere is no man who will compel me to this.

Original · ancient Greek

Τὰ μὲν πράγματα ἐν τοιαύτῃ τρόπον τινὰ ἐγκαλύψει ἐστίν, ὥστε φιλοσόφοις οὐκ ὀλίγοις οὐδὲ τοῖς τυχοῦσιν ἔδοξε παντάπασιν ἀκατάληπτα εἶναι, πλὴν αὐτοῖς γε τοῖς Στωικοῖς δυσκατάληπτα δοκεῖ· καὶ πᾶσα ἡ ἡμετέρα συγκατάθεσις μεταπτώτη· ποῦ γὰρ ὁ ἀμετάπτωτος; μέτιθι τοίνυν ἐπ’ αὐτὰ τὰ ὑποκείμενα ὡς ὀλιγοχρόνια καὶ εὐτελῆ καὶ δυνάμενα ἐν κτήσει κιναίδου ἢ πόρνης ἢ λῃστοῦ εἶναι. μετὰ τοῦτο ἔπιθι ἐπὶ τὰ τῶν συμβιούντων ἤθη, ὧν μόλις ἐστὶ καὶ τοῦ χαριεστάτου ἀνασχέσθαι, ἵνα μὴ λέγω, ὅτι καὶ ἑαυτόν τις μόγις ὑπομένει.

ἐν τοιούτῳ οὖν ζόφῳ καὶ ῥύπῳ καὶ τοσαύτῃ ῥύσει τῆς τε οὐσίας καὶ τοῦ χρόνου καὶ τῆς κινήσεως καὶ τῶν κινουμένων τί ποτέ ἐστι τὸ ἐκτιμηθῆναι ἢ τὸ ὅλως σπουδασθῆναι δυνάμενον, οὐδ’ ἐπινοῶ. τοὐναντίον γὰρ δεῖ παραμυθούμενον ἑαυτὸν περιμένειν τὴν φυσικὴν λύσιν καὶ μὴ ἀσχάλλειν τῇ διατριβῇ, ἀλλὰ τούτοις μόνοις προσαναπαύεσθαι· ἑνὶ μὲν τῷ, ὅτι οὐδὲν συμβήσεταί μοι ὃ οὐχὶ κατὰ τὴν τῶν ὅλων φύσιν ἐστίν· ἑτέρῳ δέ, ὅτι ἔξεστί μοι μηδὲν πράσσειν παρὰ τὸν ἐμὸν θεὸν καὶ δαίμονα· οὐδεὶς γὰρ ὁ ἀναγκάσων τοῦτον παραβῆναι.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Commentary

Place in the book. One of the "darkest" passages: epistemic uncertainty together with the transience and flux of all things — and against this background, two sober consolations. The disciplines are desire (the devaluing of externals, the awaiting of death) and assent (the changeability of judgment).

Incomprehensibility and the changeability of assent. Things are "enveloped" (ἐγκάλυψις) so that to not-a-few philosophers — and not undistinguished ones — they seemed altogether incomprehensible (ἀκατάληπτα); even to the Stoics, hard to comprehend (δυσκατάληπτα). And "all our TERMassent is changeable (μεταπτώτη) — where is the unchangeable one (ἀμετάπτωτος)?" A rare epistemological note in Marcus: even the Stoic criterion comes hard, and unwavering assent belongs to the sage alone.

The devaluing of things and people. Turn to the "underlying things" (ὑποκείμενα): short-lived, worthless, able to belong to a catamite, a whore, a robber. Then to the characters (ἤθη) of those around you: even the most agreeable is barely endurable — not to say that a man "scarcely endures himself." A bleak inventory that strips the price from the external.

Darkness, filth, flux. ζόφος, ῥύπος, and such a flux (ῥύσις) — of substance, time, motion, and things moved — that nothing can be "prized" (ἐκτιμηθῆναι) or an object of "serious pursuit" (σπουδασθῆναι). The Heraclitean flux devalues all that is transient. Cf. Med. 2.17 (02-17): "the substance is in flux" (οὐσία ῥέουσα).

The two consolations. (1) DOGMA"Nothing will befall me that is not according to the Nature of the Whole" — acceptance: what happens is inscribed in the rational order. (2) DOGMA"It is in my power to do nothing contrary to my god and daimon; no one will compel me" — the inviolability of the inner god. And between them: "EXERCISEawait the natural dissolution (φυσικὴ λύσις), without chafing at the delay." The very pair that seals Med. 2.17: the one thing that "guides" is philosophy, keeping the daimon unharmed.

Discipline and parallels. The principal discipline is desire (the devaluing of externals, acceptance of nature, readiness for death); the secondary is assent (the changeability of συγκατάθεσις). Parallels: Med. 2.17 (02-17) — the flux of substance and the guardian daimon.

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-07-11
Statuspublished
Discipline of desire

George Long · 1862· EN · Long

Things are in such a kind of envelopment that they have seemed to philosophers, not a few nor those common philosophers, altogether unintelligible; nay even to the Stoics themselves they seem difficult to understand. And all our TERMassent is changeable; for where is the man who never changes? Carry thy thoughts then to the objects themselves, and consider how short-lived they are and worthless, and that they may be in the possession of a filthy wretch or a whore or a robber. Then turn to the morals of those who live with thee, and it is hardly possible to endure even the most agreeable of them, to say nothing of a man being hardly able to endure himself. In such darkness then and dirt and in so constant a flux both of substance and of time, and of motion and of things moved, what there is worth being highly prized or even an object of serious pursuit, I cannot imagine. But on the contrary it is a man's duty to comfort himself, and to EXERCISEwait for the natural dissolution, and not to be vexed at the delay, but to rest in these principles only: the one, that DOGMAnothing will happen to me which is not conformable to the nature of the universe; and the other, that it is in my power never to act contrary to TERMmy god and daemon: for DOGMAthere is no man who will compel me to this.

Original · ancient Greek

Τὰ μὲν πράγματα ἐν τοιαύτῃ τρόπον τινὰ ἐγκαλύψει ἐστίν, ὥστε φιλοσόφοις οὐκ ὀλίγοις οὐδὲ τοῖς τυχοῦσιν ἔδοξε παντάπασιν ἀκατάληπτα εἶναι, πλὴν αὐτοῖς γε τοῖς Στωικοῖς δυσκατάληπτα δοκεῖ· καὶ πᾶσα ἡ ἡμετέρα συγκατάθεσις μεταπτώτη· ποῦ γὰρ ὁ ἀμετάπτωτος; μέτιθι τοίνυν ἐπ’ αὐτὰ τὰ ὑποκείμενα ὡς ὀλιγοχρόνια καὶ εὐτελῆ καὶ δυνάμενα ἐν κτήσει κιναίδου ἢ πόρνης ἢ λῃστοῦ εἶναι. μετὰ τοῦτο ἔπιθι ἐπὶ τὰ τῶν συμβιούντων ἤθη, ὧν μόλις ἐστὶ καὶ τοῦ χαριεστάτου ἀνασχέσθαι, ἵνα μὴ λέγω, ὅτι καὶ ἑαυτόν τις μόγις ὑπομένει.

ἐν τοιούτῳ οὖν ζόφῳ καὶ ῥύπῳ καὶ τοσαύτῃ ῥύσει τῆς τε οὐσίας καὶ τοῦ χρόνου καὶ τῆς κινήσεως καὶ τῶν κινουμένων τί ποτέ ἐστι τὸ ἐκτιμηθῆναι ἢ τὸ ὅλως σπουδασθῆναι δυνάμενον, οὐδ’ ἐπινοῶ. τοὐναντίον γὰρ δεῖ παραμυθούμενον ἑαυτὸν περιμένειν τὴν φυσικὴν λύσιν καὶ μὴ ἀσχάλλειν τῇ διατριβῇ, ἀλλὰ τούτοις μόνοις προσαναπαύεσθαι· ἑνὶ μὲν τῷ, ὅτι οὐδὲν συμβήσεταί μοι ὃ οὐχὶ κατὰ τὴν τῶν ὅλων φύσιν ἐστίν· ἑτέρῳ δέ, ὅτι ἔξεστί μοι μηδὲν πράσσειν παρὰ τὸν ἐμὸν θεὸν καὶ δαίμονα· οὐδεὶς γὰρ ὁ ἀναγκάσων τοῦτον παραβῆναι.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Related6
Commentary

Place in the book. One of the "darkest" passages: epistemic uncertainty together with the transience and flux of all things — and against this background, two sober consolations. The disciplines are desire (the devaluing of externals, the awaiting of death) and assent (the changeability of judgment).

Incomprehensibility and the changeability of assent. Things are "enveloped" (ἐγκάλυψις) so that to not-a-few philosophers — and not undistinguished ones — they seemed altogether incomprehensible (ἀκατάληπτα); even to the Stoics, hard to comprehend (δυσκατάληπτα). And "all our TERMassent is changeable (μεταπτώτη) — where is the unchangeable one (ἀμετάπτωτος)?" A rare epistemological note in Marcus: even the Stoic criterion comes hard, and unwavering assent belongs to the sage alone.

The devaluing of things and people. Turn to the "underlying things" (ὑποκείμενα): short-lived, worthless, able to belong to a catamite, a whore, a robber. Then to the characters (ἤθη) of those around you: even the most agreeable is barely endurable — not to say that a man "scarcely endures himself." A bleak inventory that strips the price from the external.

Darkness, filth, flux. ζόφος, ῥύπος, and such a flux (ῥύσις) — of substance, time, motion, and things moved — that nothing can be "prized" (ἐκτιμηθῆναι) or an object of "serious pursuit" (σπουδασθῆναι). The Heraclitean flux devalues all that is transient. Cf. Med. 2.17 (02-17): "the substance is in flux" (οὐσία ῥέουσα).

The two consolations. (1) DOGMA"Nothing will befall me that is not according to the Nature of the Whole" — acceptance: what happens is inscribed in the rational order. (2) DOGMA"It is in my power to do nothing contrary to my god and daimon; no one will compel me" — the inviolability of the inner god. And between them: "EXERCISEawait the natural dissolution (φυσικὴ λύσις), without chafing at the delay." The very pair that seals Med. 2.17: the one thing that "guides" is philosophy, keeping the daimon unharmed.

Discipline and parallels. The principal discipline is desire (the devaluing of externals, acceptance of nature, readiness for death); the secondary is assent (the changeability of συγκατάθεσις). Parallels: Med. 2.17 (02-17) — the flux of substance and the guardian daimon.

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-07-11
Statuspublished