MED. 7.68Discipline of assent
George Long · 1862EN · Long

It is in thy power to live free from all compulsion in the greatest tranquillity of mind, even if all the world cry out against thee as much as they choose, and even if wild beasts tear in pieces the members of this kneaded matter which has grown around thee. For what hinders the mind in the midst of all this from maintaining itself TERMin tranquillity and in a just judgment of all surrounding things and in a ready use of the objects which are presented to it, so that the judgment may say to the thing which falls under its observation: This thou art in substance, though in men's opinion thou mayest appear to be of a different kind; and the use shall say to that which falls under the hand: Thou art the thing that I was seeking; for to me TERMthat which presents itself is always a MOTIFmaterial for TERMvirtue both rational and political, and in a word, for the exercise of art, which belongs to man or God. For DOGMAeverything which happens has a relationship either to God or man, and is neither new nor difficult to handle, but usual and apt matter to work on.

Original · ancient Greek

Ἀβιάστως διαζῆσαι ἐν πλείστῃ θυμηδίᾳ, κἂν πάντες καταβοῶσιν ἅτινα βούλονται, κἂν τὰ θηρία διασπᾷ τὰ μελύδρια τοῦ περιτεθραμμένου τούτου φυράματος. τί γὰρ κωλύει ἐν πᾶσι τούτοις τὴν διάνοιαν σῴζειν ἑαυτὴν ἐν γαλήνῃ καὶ κρίσει τῇ περὶ τῶν περιεστηκότων ἀληθεῖ καὶ χρήσει τῶν ὑποβεβλημένων ἑτοίμῃ, ὥστε τὴν μὲν κρίσιν λέγειν τῷ προσπίπτοντι· τοῦτο ὑπάρχεις κατ’ οὐσίαν, κἂν κατὰ δόξαν ἀλλοῖον φαίνῃ· τὴν δὲ χρῆσιν λέγειν τῷ ὑποπίπτοντι· σὲ ἐζήτουν· ἀεὶ γάρ μοι τὸ παρὸν ὕλη ἀρετῆς λογικῆς καὶ πολιτικῆς καὶ τὸ σύνολον τέχνης ἀνθρώπου ἢ θεοῦ· πᾶν γὰρ τὸ συμβαῖνον θεῷ ἢ ἀνθρώπῳ ἐξοικειοῦται καὶ οὔτε καινὸν οὔτε δυσμεταχείριστον, ἀλλὰ γνώριμον καὶ εὐεργές.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Commentary

Cheer under the beasts' teeth. An extreme image of imperturbability: to live "unforced (ἀβιάστως), in the fullest gladness of soul (θυμηδία)" — even if all cry out what they please, even if beasts tear "the members (μελύδρια) of this kneaded dough (φύραμα) grown about [you]." φύραμα — "dough, a mash": the body is named dismissively, as a mess accidentally stuck on, so as to detach the invulnerable "I" from it. The rending of the flesh is left to the flesh; the question is what hinders the mind from holding TERMgalēnē (dead calm)?

Two voices of the mind. The answer is broken into two operations — judgment (κρίσις) and use (χρῆσις), each with its direct speech. Judgment says to what falls upon it (τῷ προσπίπτοντι): "this is what you are in substance (κατ’ οὐσίαν), though by opinion (κατὰ δόξαν) you seem otherwise" — the bare definition that strips off the film of appraisals. Use says to what comes to hand (τῷ ὑποπίπτοντι): "you are the very thing I was seeking (σὲ ἐζήτουν)" — not "why me?" but "just in time!"

The material one seeks. Why seeking? "For the TERMpresent is always to me the MOTIFmaterial (ὕλη) of TERMvirtue, rational and political" — the fire-image of 4.1: an event is no obstacle but fuel; the ruling part does not endure what happens but awaits it as raw stuff for its work. The ground is DOGMAassimilation (ἐξοικειοῦται, the same root as οἰκεῖος): everything that befalls is "made kin" to god or man, and therefore "neither new (καινόν) nor unmanageable (δυσμεταχείριστον), but familiar (γνώριμον) and workable (εὐεργές)." Three negations of fear: no surprise (7.1), no impossibility, no strangeness. The governing discipline is assent (the true judgment); the sustaining one, desire (the gladness, the acceptance).

DisciplineDiscipline of assent
Record added2026-07-16
Statuspublished
Discipline of assent

George Long · 1862· EN · Long

It is in thy power to live free from all compulsion in the greatest tranquillity of mind, even if all the world cry out against thee as much as they choose, and even if wild beasts tear in pieces the members of this kneaded matter which has grown around thee. For what hinders the mind in the midst of all this from maintaining itself TERMin tranquillity and in a just judgment of all surrounding things and in a ready use of the objects which are presented to it, so that the judgment may say to the thing which falls under its observation: This thou art in substance, though in men's opinion thou mayest appear to be of a different kind; and the use shall say to that which falls under the hand: Thou art the thing that I was seeking; for to me TERMthat which presents itself is always a MOTIFmaterial for TERMvirtue both rational and political, and in a word, for the exercise of art, which belongs to man or God. For DOGMAeverything which happens has a relationship either to God or man, and is neither new nor difficult to handle, but usual and apt matter to work on.

Original · ancient Greek

Ἀβιάστως διαζῆσαι ἐν πλείστῃ θυμηδίᾳ, κἂν πάντες καταβοῶσιν ἅτινα βούλονται, κἂν τὰ θηρία διασπᾷ τὰ μελύδρια τοῦ περιτεθραμμένου τούτου φυράματος. τί γὰρ κωλύει ἐν πᾶσι τούτοις τὴν διάνοιαν σῴζειν ἑαυτὴν ἐν γαλήνῃ καὶ κρίσει τῇ περὶ τῶν περιεστηκότων ἀληθεῖ καὶ χρήσει τῶν ὑποβεβλημένων ἑτοίμῃ, ὥστε τὴν μὲν κρίσιν λέγειν τῷ προσπίπτοντι· τοῦτο ὑπάρχεις κατ’ οὐσίαν, κἂν κατὰ δόξαν ἀλλοῖον φαίνῃ· τὴν δὲ χρῆσιν λέγειν τῷ ὑποπίπτοντι· σὲ ἐζήτουν· ἀεὶ γάρ μοι τὸ παρὸν ὕλη ἀρετῆς λογικῆς καὶ πολιτικῆς καὶ τὸ σύνολον τέχνης ἀνθρώπου ἢ θεοῦ· πᾶν γὰρ τὸ συμβαῖνον θεῷ ἢ ἀνθρώπῳ ἐξοικειοῦται καὶ οὔτε καινὸν οὔτε δυσμεταχείριστον, ἀλλὰ γνώριμον καὶ εὐεργές.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Related5
Commentary

Cheer under the beasts' teeth. An extreme image of imperturbability: to live "unforced (ἀβιάστως), in the fullest gladness of soul (θυμηδία)" — even if all cry out what they please, even if beasts tear "the members (μελύδρια) of this kneaded dough (φύραμα) grown about [you]." φύραμα — "dough, a mash": the body is named dismissively, as a mess accidentally stuck on, so as to detach the invulnerable "I" from it. The rending of the flesh is left to the flesh; the question is what hinders the mind from holding TERMgalēnē (dead calm)?

Two voices of the mind. The answer is broken into two operations — judgment (κρίσις) and use (χρῆσις), each with its direct speech. Judgment says to what falls upon it (τῷ προσπίπτοντι): "this is what you are in substance (κατ’ οὐσίαν), though by opinion (κατὰ δόξαν) you seem otherwise" — the bare definition that strips off the film of appraisals. Use says to what comes to hand (τῷ ὑποπίπτοντι): "you are the very thing I was seeking (σὲ ἐζήτουν)" — not "why me?" but "just in time!"

The material one seeks. Why seeking? "For the TERMpresent is always to me the MOTIFmaterial (ὕλη) of TERMvirtue, rational and political" — the fire-image of 4.1: an event is no obstacle but fuel; the ruling part does not endure what happens but awaits it as raw stuff for its work. The ground is DOGMAassimilation (ἐξοικειοῦται, the same root as οἰκεῖος): everything that befalls is "made kin" to god or man, and therefore "neither new (καινόν) nor unmanageable (δυσμεταχείριστον), but familiar (γνώριμον) and workable (εὐεργές)." Three negations of fear: no surprise (7.1), no impossibility, no strangeness. The governing discipline is assent (the true judgment); the sustaining one, desire (the gladness, the acceptance).

DisciplineDiscipline of assent
Record added2026-07-16
Statuspublished