MED. 8.25Discipline of desire
George Long · 1862EN · Long

Lucilla1 saw Verus die, and then Lucilla died. Secunda saw PERSONMaximus die, and then Secunda died. Epitynchanus saw Diotimus die, and Epitynchanus died. PERSONAntoninus saw PERSONFaustina die, and then Antoninus died. Such is everything. Celer saw PERSONHadrian die, and then Celer died. And those sharp-witted men, either seers or men inflated with pride, where are they? For instance the sharp-witted men, Charax and Demetrius the Platonist2 and Eudaemon, and any one else like them. All ephemeral, dead long ago. Some indeed have not been remembered even for a short time, and others have become the heroes of fables, and again others have disappeared even from fables. EXERCISERemember this then, that this little compound, thyself, must either be dissolved, or thy poor breath must be extinguished, or be removed and placed elsewhere.

Original · ancient Greek

Λούκιλλα Οὐῆρον, εἶτα Λούκιλλα· Σέκουνδα Μάξιμον, εἶτα Σέκουνδα· Ἐπιτύγχανος Διότιμον, εἶτα Ἐπιτύγχανος· Φαυστῖναν Ἀντωνῖνος, εἶτα Ἀντωνῖνος. τοιαῦτα πάντα· Κέλερ Ἁδριανόν, εἶτα Κέλερ. οἱ δὲ δριμεῖς ἐκεῖνοι ἢ προγνωστικοὶ ἢ τετυφωμένοι ποῦ; οἷον, δριμεῖς μὲν Χάραξ καὶ Δημήτριος ὁ Πλατωνικὸς καὶ Εὐδαίμων καὶ εἴ τις τοιοῦτος. πάντα ἐφήμερα, τεθνηκότα πάλαι· ἔνιοι μὲν οὐδὲ ἐπ’ ὀλίγον μνημονευθέντες, οἱ δὲ εἰς μύθους μεταβαλόντες, οἱ δὲ ἤδη καὶ ἐκ μύθων ἐξίτηλοι. τούτων οὖν μεμνῆσθαι ὅτι δεήσει ἤτοι σκεδασθῆναι τὸ συγκριμάτιόν σου ἢ σβεσθῆναι τὸ πνευμάτιον ἢ μεταστῆναι καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ καταταχθῆναι.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Commentary

A roll-call of the buriers. The passage is a file of pairs on a rigid formula, "A buried B, then A too" (Λούκιλλα Οὐῆρον, εἶτα Λούκιλλα…): Lucilla and Verus, Secunda and Maximus, Epitynchanus and Diotimus, PERSONAntoninus and Faustina, Celer and Hadrian. He who yesterday stood at another's deathbed is tomorrow on his own; the mourner becomes the mourned. Marcus takes the faces of his own circle — kin, courtiers, recent sovereigns — so that death ceases to be an abstraction: it has already passed through these very names.

Where the "keen wits" went. The second move goes from the powerful to the famed: "where are those keen (δριμεῖς) — the seers or the proud?" Named are Charax, Demetrius the Platonist, Eudaemon — recent celebrities of intellect. The answer is annihilating: "all ephemeral, dead long ago" (πάντα ἐφήμερα, τεθνηκότα πάλαι); some not remembered even a little while, others "turned into fables" (εἰς μύθους), others "faded even from the fables" (ἐκ μύθων ἐξίτηλοι) — three grades of oblivion, below which there is nothing.

The conclusion about oneself. Hence EXERCISEthe memory of death in pure form: "remember that you too are bound" for one of three — "the compound to be scattered" (σκεδασθῆναι τὸ συγκριμάτιον), "the breath to be quenched" (σβεσθῆναι τὸ πνευμάτιον), or "to move on and be stationed elsewhere" (μεταστῆναι). The diminutives συγκριμάτιον/πνευμάτιον ("little compound," "little breath") deflate the "I": what fears death is a small clot of elements and a bit of air. The threefold fork is the standard disjunction on death (cf. 7.32; the dispersal of atoms or elements), and all its outcomes are harmless. The roll-call of the dead is a recurring device of the book (cf. 06-47; 07-19 — "how many Chrysippuses and Socrateses eternity has swallowed"). There are no term-lemmata in the text (πνευμάτιον is a diminutive, not the lemma πνεῦμα). The governing discipline is desire (to accept one's end), the sustaining one assent (not to judge death an evil).

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-07-16
Statuspublished
Discipline of desire

George Long · 1862· EN · Long

Lucilla1 saw Verus die, and then Lucilla died. Secunda saw PERSONMaximus die, and then Secunda died. Epitynchanus saw Diotimus die, and Epitynchanus died. PERSONAntoninus saw PERSONFaustina die, and then Antoninus died. Such is everything. Celer saw PERSONHadrian die, and then Celer died. And those sharp-witted men, either seers or men inflated with pride, where are they? For instance the sharp-witted men, Charax and Demetrius the Platonist2 and Eudaemon, and any one else like them. All ephemeral, dead long ago. Some indeed have not been remembered even for a short time, and others have become the heroes of fables, and again others have disappeared even from fables. EXERCISERemember this then, that this little compound, thyself, must either be dissolved, or thy poor breath must be extinguished, or be removed and placed elsewhere.

Original · ancient Greek

Λούκιλλα Οὐῆρον, εἶτα Λούκιλλα· Σέκουνδα Μάξιμον, εἶτα Σέκουνδα· Ἐπιτύγχανος Διότιμον, εἶτα Ἐπιτύγχανος· Φαυστῖναν Ἀντωνῖνος, εἶτα Ἀντωνῖνος. τοιαῦτα πάντα· Κέλερ Ἁδριανόν, εἶτα Κέλερ. οἱ δὲ δριμεῖς ἐκεῖνοι ἢ προγνωστικοὶ ἢ τετυφωμένοι ποῦ; οἷον, δριμεῖς μὲν Χάραξ καὶ Δημήτριος ὁ Πλατωνικὸς καὶ Εὐδαίμων καὶ εἴ τις τοιοῦτος. πάντα ἐφήμερα, τεθνηκότα πάλαι· ἔνιοι μὲν οὐδὲ ἐπ’ ὀλίγον μνημονευθέντες, οἱ δὲ εἰς μύθους μεταβαλόντες, οἱ δὲ ἤδη καὶ ἐκ μύθων ἐξίτηλοι. τούτων οὖν μεμνῆσθαι ὅτι δεήσει ἤτοι σκεδασθῆναι τὸ συγκριμάτιόν σου ἢ σβεσθῆναι τὸ πνευμάτιον ἢ μεταστῆναι καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ καταταχθῆναι.

Leopold · Teubner 1908
Marginalia2
Related5
Commentary

A roll-call of the buriers. The passage is a file of pairs on a rigid formula, "A buried B, then A too" (Λούκιλλα Οὐῆρον, εἶτα Λούκιλλα…): Lucilla and Verus, Secunda and Maximus, Epitynchanus and Diotimus, PERSONAntoninus and Faustina, Celer and Hadrian. He who yesterday stood at another's deathbed is tomorrow on his own; the mourner becomes the mourned. Marcus takes the faces of his own circle — kin, courtiers, recent sovereigns — so that death ceases to be an abstraction: it has already passed through these very names.

Where the "keen wits" went. The second move goes from the powerful to the famed: "where are those keen (δριμεῖς) — the seers or the proud?" Named are Charax, Demetrius the Platonist, Eudaemon — recent celebrities of intellect. The answer is annihilating: "all ephemeral, dead long ago" (πάντα ἐφήμερα, τεθνηκότα πάλαι); some not remembered even a little while, others "turned into fables" (εἰς μύθους), others "faded even from the fables" (ἐκ μύθων ἐξίτηλοι) — three grades of oblivion, below which there is nothing.

The conclusion about oneself. Hence EXERCISEthe memory of death in pure form: "remember that you too are bound" for one of three — "the compound to be scattered" (σκεδασθῆναι τὸ συγκριμάτιον), "the breath to be quenched" (σβεσθῆναι τὸ πνευμάτιον), or "to move on and be stationed elsewhere" (μεταστῆναι). The diminutives συγκριμάτιον/πνευμάτιον ("little compound," "little breath") deflate the "I": what fears death is a small clot of elements and a bit of air. The threefold fork is the standard disjunction on death (cf. 7.32; the dispersal of atoms or elements), and all its outcomes are harmless. The roll-call of the dead is a recurring device of the book (cf. 06-47; 07-19 — "how many Chrysippuses and Socrateses eternity has swallowed"). There are no term-lemmata in the text (πνευμάτιον is a diminutive, not the lemma πνεῦμα). The governing discipline is desire (to accept one's end), the sustaining one assent (not to judge death an evil).

DisciplineDiscipline of desire
Record added2026-07-16
Statuspublished